Financial Terms Dictionary

Explore our comprehensive collection of financial terms, from basic to advanced in accounting and finance.

Intermediate
Finance

0 Apr Offer

A 0% APR offer is a promotional credit card feature where no interest is charged on balances for a specified period.

Intermediate
Cryptocurrency

0x Protocol

The 0x protocol facilitates peer-to-peer asset exchange on the Ethereum blockchain.

Intermediate
Business Finance

1 10 Net 30

1%/10 Net 30 is a payment term offering a 1% discount for paying within 10 days of a 30-day payment agreement.

Intermediate
Finance

10 1 Arm Mortgage

A 10/1 ARM mortgage is an adjustable-rate mortgage with a fixed interest rate for the first 10 years, after which the rate adjusts annually.

Intermediate
Finance

10 D Filing

SEC Form 10-D is a filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission that provides detailed information on distributions from asset-backed securities.

Intermediate
Financial Reporting

10 K wrap

A 10-K wrap is a condensed summary of a company’s annual performance, complementing the formal 10-K report required by the SEC.

Intermediate
Finance

10 K

A 10-K is a comprehensive annual report filed by public companies with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), providing detailed insights into a company’s financial performance, operations, risks, and other critical information.

Intermediate
Finance

10 KT

SEC Form 10-KT is a transitional report filed by companies changing their fiscal year-end dates.

Intermediate
Finance

10 Year Treasury Yield

The 10-year Treasury yield is the return on investment for a U.S. government bond with a maturity of 10 years, serving as a benchmark for interest rates and economic sentiment.

Intermediate
Finance

100 Equities Strategy

A 100% equities strategy involves allocating all investable cash solely to stocks, representing a predominant approach in the market.

Intermediate
Finance

1031 Exchange Like Kind Property

Like-kind properties, under Section 1031 of the Internal Revenue Code, allow for tax-deferred exchanges in real estate transactions.

Intermediate
Taxation

1040 X Form

IRS Form 1040-X is used to amend previously filed U.S. Individual Income Tax Returns.

Intermediate
Tax Documents

1095 C Form

Form 1095-C is an IRS tax document issued by Applicable Large Employers to report information about an employee’s health coverage.

Intermediate
Tax

1099 B

Form 1099-B is an IRS tax form used to report sales of securities and barter exchanges, detailing gains or losses for tax purposes.

Intermediate
Tax

1099 DIV

The 1099-DIV is a tax form used to report dividend income and capital gains distributions to the IRS.

Intermediate
Taxation

1099 Employee

A 1099-employee is an independent contractor who receives 1099 forms for services provided exceeding $600 in a tax year.

Intermediate
Finance

1099 INT

Form 1099-INT is an IRS tax form used to report interest income.

Intermediate
Tax Forms

1099 Misc Income

Form 1099-MISC is an IRS form used to report miscellaneous income paid to non-employees.

Intermediate
Finance

125 Loan

A 125% loan allows homeowners to borrow an amount equal to 125% of their property’s appraised value.

Intermediate
Finance

12b 1 Fee

12b-1 fees are annual marketing or distribution fees associated with mutual funds, included in a fund’s expense ratio.

Intermediate
Finance

12b 1 Plan

12b-1 plans are investment fund arrangements that allow mutual funds to use assets from investors to cover marketing, distribution, and shareholder servicing expenses.

Intermediate
Finance

12d 1

Section 12D-1 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 regulates investment companies to prevent excessive inter-company investments and protect shareholder interests.

Advanced
Finance

130 30

The 130-30 strategy is a long/short equity investment approach used by institutional investors to optimize returns by leveraging both long and short positions.

Intermediate
Finance

13g Filing

Schedule 13G is a filing with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) used by certain qualifying institutional investors to disclose ownership of securities exceeding 5% of a publicly traded company’s total stock issue.

Intermediate
U.S. Constitutional Amendments

16th Amendment

The 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1913, granted Congress the power to levy income taxes without apportioning it among the states.

Intermediate
Urban Development

18 Hour Cities

18-hour cities are vibrant, mid-size urban areas offering attractive amenities, lower costs, and robust economies.

Intermediate
Taxation

183 Day Rule

The 183-day rule is a global standard used to determine tax residency based on the number of days an individual is present in a country.

Intermediate
Energy

1979 Gas Shortage

The 1979 gas shortage was a significant energy crisis triggered by the Iranian Revolution, leading to global oil shortages and price spikes.

Intermediate
Finance

1987 Market Crash

The Stock Market Crash of 1987, known as Black Monday, was a rapid and severe downturn in U.S. stock prices that impacted global financial markets.

Intermediate
Oil and Gas Industry

1p 2p 3p Reserves Definition

3P oil reserves encompass proven, probable, and possible reserves, providing a holistic view of an oil company’s potential resources.

Intermediate
Finance

2 1 Buydown

A 2-1 buydown is a mortgage financing strategy that offers a reduced interest rate for the first two years before reverting to the regular rate.

Intermediate
Finance

2 28 Arm

The 2/28 Adjustable-Rate Mortgage (2/28 ARM) is a mortgage option with a two-year fixed rate followed by 28 years of adjustable rates.

Intermediate
Finance

2 Rule

The 2% rule is a risk management strategy in investing where an investor risks no more than 2% of their available capital on any single trade.

Intermediate
Finance

2000 Investor Limit

The 2000 investor limit is a regulatory threshold in U.S. securities law that dictates when a private company must register with the SEC.

Intermediate
Economics

2008 Financial Crisis

The 2008 financial crisis was a significant global economic event caused by a combination of factors including lack of regulation, easy credit, and interconnected financial systems.

Intermediate
Economics

2011 Debt Ceiling Crisis

The 2011 U.S. Debt Ceiling Crisis was a significant fiscal event marked by intense congressional debates over raising the nation's borrowing limit.

Intermediate
Finance

24f 2

SEC Form 24F-2NT is a regulatory document used by investment management companies to report additional securities sales to the SEC.

Intermediate
Finance and Law

25% Rule

The 25% rule is a heuristic applied in public finance and intellectual property law regarding debt management and royalty agreements.

Intermediate
Finance

26f Retirement Program

A 26(f) retirement program is a financial strategy that involves investing in a life insurance policy to build wealth with tax advantages.

Advanced
Finance

27 Series

The Series 27 is a securities license enabling professionals to manage the books and recordkeeping of member firms.

Intermediate
Finance

28 36 Rule

The 28/36 rule is a financial guideline that helps individuals manage their debt by limiting housing expenses to 28% and total debt to 36% of gross monthly income.

Intermediate
Finance

3 1 Arm Mortgage

A 3/1 ARM is a type of mortgage where the interest rate is fixed for the first three years and adjusts annually thereafter.

Intermediate
Finance

3 27 Adjustable Rate Mortgage Arm

A 3/27 ARM is a 30-year mortgage with a fixed interest rate for the first three years, followed by a variable rate for the remaining 27 years.

Intermediate
Banking

3 6 3 Rule

The 3-6-3 rule is a colloquial term from the banking industry of the mid-20th century, describing a simplistic banking model involving paying 3% interest on deposits, lending at 6% interest, and closing by 3 p.m.

Intermediate
Finance

3 Day Rule In Stock Trading

The three-day rule in stock trading requires that buyers and sellers settle their transactions within three business days of a trade.

Intermediate
Technical Analysis

3 Dojis In A Row

A tri-star pattern is a candlestick formation consisting of three consecutive doji candles, often signaling a potential market trend reversal.

Intermediate
Finance

3 Handle

A handle in finance is the integer part of a price quote, used in various markets for simplified communication.

Intermediate
Finance

3 Month Libid

The London interbank bid rate (LIBID) was a benchmark interest rate indicating the average rate at which major London banks bid for eurocurrency deposits.

Intermediate
Finance

30 Year Treasury Bond

A 30-Year Treasury Bond is a long-term debt security issued by the U.S. government with a maturity period of 30 years, offering semiannual interest payments.

Intermediate
Finance

321 Loan

A 3-2-1 buydown mortgage is a financial tool that offers reduced interest rates for the first three years to make homeownership more affordable.